Tiger Mom Attack

© Andreas Deja

A quick update on my film Mushka.
I just finished animating the sequence when Sarah encounters the tiger cub for the first time.
Obviously the cub's mother nearby isn't too happy about the human contact, she charges.
Above you see one of the key drawings, below is the first rough pass of the same drawing.
In tying down the pose I pushed the right shoulder because the weight is on that leg.
Another section I finished shows Sarah arriving in Siberia on a train, followed by meeting her father for the first time.
So thrilled to see how things are coming together. Also, proud to be able to animate scenes like this one, or shots with human characters without live action reference. I think I am close to 25 % animated.
Prepare to use some Kleenex when you'll see the final film. I still can't tell the film's story without getting teary eyed. This is a very personal project.

© Andreas Deja

Heinrich Kley and Fantasia

It is no secret that the art of German Illustrator Heinrich Kley had a profound influence on Disney's Fantasia. Before the film went into full production, the head of the character model department, Joe Grant, showed Walt Disney newly published sketchbooks by the German artist. Walt was as exited as Joe about the potential for bringing elephants, alligators and hippos to life inspired by Kley's sensational drawings.

Kley's depiction of anthropomorphic animals is very realistic, yet entirely believable. If elephants could really ice scate or enjoy a day at the beach, it would look like this.
However in preparing models for animation some of the complex realism had to be compromised in order to give animators simplified forms and shapes which could be controlled 24 frames per second.
Disney artists enjoyed this assignment so much, the Dance of the Hours turned out to be one of the best things the studio has ever done - according to Ward Kimball. I couldn't agree more.

This scan of a Kley original from a previous post falls into the Fantasia category:

http://andreasdeja.blogspot.com/2014/03/three-nudes-and-hippo.html

Bongo

I have never been a big fan of Disney's film Bongo, which is a part of the 1947 feature film Fun and Fancy Free. (I remember Ward Kimball commenting: "Now, what kind of a title is THAT?")
The first part of the film's story seems ok, a circus bear running away in pursuit of freedom and adventures. But the second part is weird. After being smitten by a female bear called Lulubelle, Bongo runs into a bunch of other bears who show their affection toward each other by smacking the other one's face.
The film's backgrounds are beautiful, I wished I could say the same about the character animation. It is surprising to find out about the credits: Supervising animators were Ward Kimball, Les Clark and Fred Moore. Other names listed under character animation are Art Babbitt and Marc Davis.
I have seen the film several times over the years, and to me the animation looks pedestrian for a Disney product. No scenes stand out as inspired or truly personality defining.

When I was a kid I had a Bongo storybook, and I loved the artwork in it. Still do. Most of the promotional material associated with the film is lovely, it's just that the movie itself falls a bit short.

More Wizard's Duel Sketches

Here is a sheet with more of Bill Peet's ideas for the Wizard's Duel in The Sword in the Stone.
All drawn on notepad paper outside of the studio during a trip. Peet's mind at work as he searches for entertaining situations provided by all these different animals Merlin and Mim turn into.
My favorite is probably the sketch on the lower right showing Mim as a dragon tripping Merlin as a goat. It didn't make it into the film, but I love the staging.
I wished Peet had not quit Disney during Jungle Book, the picture that followed Sword in the Stone. He was just too valuable to the company...but he was butting heads with Walt, and that was it.
Years later Milt Kahl would leave the studio prematurely as well...these things weren't supposed to happen!

Much more on the Wizard's Duel in this previous post:

http://andreasdeja.blogspot.com/2012/05/wizards-duel.html

Cinderella Live Action Reference

It's always fun to compare Disney live action photostats with the final result in the film. In this sequence from Cinderella the heroine was supervised by Marc Davis based on performances by Helene Stanley. Milt Kahl was responsible for the Fairy Godmother, whose scenes were played by an unknown actress to me.
Marc made Cinderella lean forward more, so she connects better visually with the business of being measured. Milt changed the way the Fairy Godmother bends down, which looks better graphically.
Helen Stanley's hair and costume is pretty much "on model", while the Fairy's outfit was much simplified for animation.

The following two images are about a couple of frames apart, but the live reference definitely influenced the animator.

A Rhino inspires a Dragon

Rocky, the rhino, is a character who was supposed to appear in Disney's Jungle Book. Story man Bill Peet added him to the film's cast, but Walt Disney didn't like Rocky and asked for his removal. Milt Kahl had already produced this terrific model sheet, the rhino was supposed to be voiced by actor  Frank Fontaine.
Not all was lost though. Years later when the studio was looking for a new animated dragon, some of Rocky's facial components were borrowed for this new fantasy character, including the hairy ear tips.
Come to think of it, the horn might have worked on the dragon's design as well.

Dumbo Mix

The artist who drew this beautiful sequence for the film Dumbo is Bill Peet. The playful interaction between the baby elephant and his mother is what you would call "Disney Gold". It sets up the bond between a mother and her child. Peet thought of everything to make this section cinematic and entertaining. Staging and continuity are perfect, and the characters are drawn 100% on model. 

Which brings me to a story that's been going around Disney for a while. Most of you might know that Bill Tytla animated the sequence, but way back during production Peet was not too happy the way Tytla drew little Dumbo, somewhat off model. The word is that Peet drew over Tytla's rough keys to make the character look like he appears in his story drawings.

I'm not sure if this really happened, but I wouldn't be surprised. After all, Fred Moore re-drew some of Tytla's animation for Snow White's Grumpy.

A fantastic image from the film's opening sequence.

 An original cel combined with a studio prepared Courvoisier background. The kind of set up that Disney offered for sale.

Animator Milt Neil acts out frustration for a studio photographer, as he examines an exposure sheet for a scene with Timothy, the Mouse.

 

A fun article that was published in 1941to promote the film's release. The second page shows a photo of inker Phyllis Bounds, who happened to be Walt's wife Lilian's niece. Years later she would become Milt Kahl's second wife.

Marc Davis Designs

Years ago when I asked Marc Davis wether he animated those few scenes of the Queen in Sleeping Beauty, I didn't recall. But this drawing of the character holding newborn Aurora as she looks up to her husband King Stefan proves that Marc indeed was responsible for her scenes. Perfect profile, and large, elegant hands are part of his trademark as a draughtsman.
Marc skipped the preceding feature Lady and the Tramp in order to focus on the two main characters in Sleeping Beauty, Princess Aurora and Maleficent.
But since he was such an outstanding designer, Marc also researched medieval costumes for the lead as well as minor characters.
I love his approach in these doodle sheets. He is not concerned with the film's final artistic style, instead he looks for period outfits that are not too complicated to be animated.

Here is a grouping of medieval characters in color by Marc from a previous post:

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgoUZNAjH34Pgsd5DoryvYrdf8O1fh5ZbNjG0cGmkNP9lUzCbxh8dLVolrch8qpi8C3mz72ZuyAfj0ZVqBQdVipFMUpPYZeiwBpkmmFIHNrb8SA55HbSv5sdFDhLrj6XF-zrKIRdAqym4/s1600/SBB-3.jpg

Rico Lebrun

Within the animation community Rico Lebrun is mostly known for his teaching stint at Disney during the pre-production phase of Bambi. In the photo you can see him giving a life drawing class featuring a deer as a model. Seated behind him are animators Frank Thomas and Retta Scott.
His incredibly analytical motion studies of deer became an important cornerstone in the development of realistic, but "animatable" characters for the film.
When I saw these sheets below for the first time, I felt like lightbulbs were going off in my head.
Lebrun shows you the immense motion range of a deer as well as possibilities for entertainment.

Lebrun was born in Naples, Italy in 1900, he died in Malibu, California in 1964. For a while he was a commercial artist on New York, later he taught at Chouinard Art Institute in LA, where Disney found him.

His later work (which includes murals and sculptures) became much more abstract and dealt thematically with human suffering, which he must have seen plenty of as a soldier in the Italian Army during WW I.

King Triton Stuff

I found more King Triton rough drawings in the bowels of my archive. The sheet above, providing instructions for clean up, was produced by my then assistant Lou Dellarosa. 

Below you can see my first pass rough drawing from a scene in which Triton is confronting Ariel.

Lou did not work from that drawing though. I drew a tighter rough version of each key in graphite which served as the basis for clean up work. Those tighter rough drawings are housed at Disney.

Some of these paper sheets are starting to show their age.
I remember how much I enjoyed working with actor Ken Mars' voice, full of authority but also kindness. I had to shift gears though. Before animating King Triton I had finished work on Who Framed Roger Rabbit.

"Don't you take that tone of voice with me, young lady!"